“Through wilderness we remember and are brought home again.”
The film is mostly set in the iMfolozi wilderness area, within the oldest proclaimed game reserve in Africa and one of the fast disappearing pockets of wilderness where wild nature can be experienced at its purest form. Since time immemorial this sanctuary has maintained its raw wildness. Here an ageless spirit survives and one can sense a spiritual connection to the land. The iMfolozi valley was the heartland of the Zulu people who lived here in harmony with nature and with great respect (inhlonipho) to Mother Earth and all creation. This wilderness acts as a main character in the film.
Into this wilderness a group of young Zulu women enters on a life-changing journey to experience true wild nature for the first time in their lives. The young women, mostly from townships and semi-rural communities, aspire to elevate themselves beyond challenging life conditions. They have an interest in nature and a spark of leadership but they lack the opportunity to experience wild nature in their impoverished lives.
Accompanied by veteran female wilderness guides, they camp under the stars in big game country, totally surrounded by wild animals such as elephants, rhinos and lions. Exposed to the elements and carrying on their back all they need for the journey, they have to cope with emotional and physical challenges, and learn what it takes to survive in the wild.
A wilderness journey is an intense experience where one can expect to undergo personal transformation. It can enhance personal growth and leadership development; and it is also a soulful experience that has the capacity to heal. The solitary night watch where one is responsible for the entire camp, the solitude contemplation sessions and the possible close encounters with wild animals like a charging rhino, an elephant ambling next to the camp at night, the yellow eyes of a wild cat in the dark of the night, all contribute to enhance one’s sense of connection to nature and encourage self-introspection. The latter especially occurs whilst one sits around the campfire, listening to the lively Zululand wilderness night, hearing the cough of the leopard, the cry of the hyena and the roar of the lion.
Mentoring the women and initiating them into the wilderness is, KwaMashu born, Lihle Mbokazi, the first black South African woman wilderness guide. Lihle is also deeply interested in reviving indigenous knowledge systems and share the wisdom of the old days with the young women. Along with Lihle we see Janet and Zondi, the lead wilderness guides, who share nature wisdom with the women.
Despite the tranquil setting, the iMfolozi wilderness is now severely threatened. An existing open-cast coal mine on the Eastern border of the wilderness is expanding regardless of its devastating impact on the surrounding rural communities and their livestock. Additionally, a proposed coal mine just 40 metres from the park’s southern boundary threatens to devastate even further this fragile nature gem and the communities.
Furthermore, as home to the largest population of rhinoceros in Africa, the park is increasingly a gruesome poaching scene. The park is home to incredibly important populations of both white and black rhino and renowned worldwide for being the historical home of the Southern White Rhino, following the successful ‘Operation Rhino’ in the 1960’s driven largely by the park’s then-warden, Ian Player, whose efforts brought the rhino back from the brink of extinction.
The park now has the largest population of Southern White Rhino in the world. The success of this programme has recently been compromised by the increase in rhino poaching within the park. This critical threat has not only become a great concern for the park, but for rhino conservationists worldwide.
Long periods of Nature’s ambient sounds help the audience to connect with wilderness and when interweaved with the soulful music of film composer, Ian Arber, transports one into the same inner world of connectivity that nature takes one on.
Learn more about why this film is important and timely; and about the issues that the film highlights.
The Sisters of the Wilderness film is dedicated to the memory of Dr Ian Player DMS and Baba Magqubu Ntombela.
“Africa had soul, and my own soul was linked to it. In the wild places that I had worked in and tried to protect, the ancient soul of Africa still lived, and parts of people could connect with it once we dropped our veneer and our arrogance.”
The Characters
“A woman is the full circle. Within her is the power to create, nurture and transform.”
Amanda Ntombela
Amanda, a caring and intelligent young women, was a shy and lonely kid. Her father passed away before she was born, and she was raised by her grandmother and mother. As a lone child in her early teens, she went through a very difficult and painful period of suffering and grieving after her grandmother, to whom she was very close, died in front of her eyes. When her mother also fell sick Amanda was left to fend for herself.
She found relief from the pain walking in the green hills above her town. Whilst at high school she came out of her shell when she initiated an after-school programme to help young children in the township who had reading and writing difficulties. From that she grew up to become a volunteer at the Mpophomeni Conservation Kids Club where she organises for the kids educational activities and nature walks. She recently started marketing and business studies.
“Lose yourself to find yourself, for the wilderness is your first home. The journey with the Sisters of the Wilderness was like a sign from the universe. I have had an idea that nature was the key but I really didn’t know that it was a tool, a map to self-discovery, for I didn’t think I was lost. This experience have changed my sense of view of everything, of myself and of my surroundings.”
Wendy Mkhwanaza
Wendy Mkhwanaza is from Mooi River in KwaZulu-Natal. She went to school at King's School and finished at Nottingham Road Combined School in KwaZulu-Natal. She is passionate about nature and became a leader in the Environmental Club at school.
Wendy faced very difficult time, losing her mother to whom she was much attached, and having an unexpected pregnancy at a young age. She has a four years old daughter and she lives with her grandmother in Mpophomeni.
“I have always wanted to camp around wild areas where there are wild animals. I have been wanting to see how people lived in wild area with no toilet, electricity or beds. I also want to learn about being a proper leader so that one day I can be one too. I am a nature-born girl, and I can’t wait to go and learn more things and come back and lead my community and show them how we can protect and improve our land.”
Thembani Mdunge
Thembani is from Sweetwaters, a semi-rural area in Hilton, in the Natal Midlands. She and her sister grew up in deep poverty when their mum was ill and couldn’t support them and their father wasn’t around. She started working as a domestic worker at an early age and recently, with the support of her boss, started an administrative course and hopes to be promoted in her workplace and become an office manager.
She lives with her sister in a small dwelling in Sweetwaters. She is a faithful Shembe church-goer and her dream is to start a small bead-making business and school. Beadwork was a skill she learnt from her late mother.
Andile Nxumalo
Andile is from Umlazi, Durban. She grew up with her mother and later a step-father. She comes from a poor homestead and she is bright and ambitious. She experienced great difficulties in her life due to her mother falling ill. She had an unplanned pregnancy and she has a young daughter who is looked after by her mum.
She is now studying and working at the Natal Midlands Community College and plans to go to university next year.
“‘I AM FREE’
The weapons formed against
Did not prosper, here I am
Standing and I am much stronger
I will never fall again, I’ve learnt
To walk proper, because I am
Free, myself has freed me.”
Nokuphila Cele
Nokuphila grew up in Mpophomeni in a single-parent household, with her mother, sister and brother. Nokuphila had two unexpected pregnancies at a young age. One of her daughters passed away only few weeks after birth, the other child is being raised with support from an aunt.
Nokuphila’s dream is to become a professional chef. She is very independent and decided to leave home to see if she can make her own living. She was trained in a hotel in Durban and she is now looking to start her own small food business.
Lihle Mbokazi
Lihle is an experienced wilderness guide, originally from KwaMashu near Durban. She was the first black woman to graduate from the Wilderness Leadership School in 2005, but her journey was not without difficulties and she is still facing tremendous challenges on the path she chose. Daughter of a single mother who earned a living as a domestic worker, and one of seven siblings, Lihle’s early years were poverty stricken and often scary.
Growing up during Apartheid she witnessed violence and oppression. Nature found her as a young child visiting family in rural KwaZulu-Natal. It was on these journeys where her soul found peace away from the difficulties of everyday life. Her training as a wilderness guide was a life-changing experience and instilled in her resilience and leadership skills.
Her work is now focused on sharing her knowledge of the wilderness with those who can benefit from its healing powers most, young people from underprivileged background.
Janet Frangs
Co-leading the trail with Lihle is Janet Frangs, a qualified nature guide of many years. Janet has a lifelong love affair with Nature and feels more comfortable under the stars in the wilderness than within four walls. She is guided by the ancient wisdom held in the rocks, the rivers and the trees and uses her intuition to deliver a deep experience for the people she takes on wilderness journeys. Animal encounters are gentle and respectful, mindful of the fact that we are no more or less but all part of the same circle of life.
Janet is also a Body Talk practitioner, meditation teacher and Reiki Master, committed to reawakening the realisation of our oneness with all of life.
Bongimpilo Zondi
Zondi is a wilderness guide with the Wilderness Leadership School in Durban. He grew up in the KwaZulu’s midlands and worked as a driver / helper to Dr Ian Player. Dr Player realised the potential in young Zondi and sent him on a wilderness training course, and Zondi has since became a lead guide at the wilderness school.
He dedicates his life to giving people, young and old, an opportunity to experience wilderness and share with them deep nature wisdom drawn from his Zulu culture and from the teachings of Dr Player.
Film Team
Ronit Shapiro
Creator & Producer
Producer’s Statement:
Since my early years I was interested in two interconnected themes, the wellness of people and the environment. These have become the focus of my professional and personal life. In 2009 I decided to make a career change and move from marketing and communications to film-making, with a vision to create engaging high quality films that inspire, connect and make a long-lasting impact. My film projects are motivated by my wish to make a positive social and environmental difference.
The idea to make Sisters of the Wilderness is the outcome of a long personal journey. On this journey I met extraordinary people, many of them women who undertake incredible challenges to protect wild nature and nurture a love and appreciation of the natural world; using immersive nature experiences to bring people closer to nature and to each other.
Between 2010 and 2015 I developed and wrote the screenplay for a narrative feature film inspired by the book ‘Zulu Wilderness: Shadow and Soul’ by South Africa’s much loved legendary conservationist, the late Dr Ian Player. I saw in ‘Zulu Wilderness’ a vehicle to tell a timeless story in the light of the devastating poaching of rhinos, elephants and other precious species, the deteriorating state of the planet, our growing disconnection from nature and the prevalence of racial intolerance.
It is through Ian Player and Baba Magqubu Ntombela’s friendship story that I have learned about the immense value of wilderness for all humanity. Wilderness and especially the African wilderness, is an unrecognised gift that very few know of and appreciate, let alone make use of. If we would only learn how to pause and listen to the wilderness we would regain vitality, love of life and all creation; and a uniting creative force to make things better and draw more light into our life and the lives of others.
Sadly a year after the passing of Dr Player in November 2014 my option for the film rights expired and couldn’t be renewed. Nonetheless I was keen to continue with my vision and find a different story that will carry the same messages and themes. This is how the Sisters of the Wilderness idea was born.
Sisters of the Wilderness is dedicated to the memory of Magqubu Ntombela and Ian Player whose, “…remarkable friendship which grew in the wild is a shining example of the spirit of the people of this country [South Africa]…” (as was written by Nelson Mandela in the forward to Dr Player’s book).
I hope that the spirit of Dr Player and Baba Magqubu; and the Sisters of the Wilderness film will empower growing numbers of individuals worldwide who aspire to make a positive impact to the lives of people and all living things on the planet.
Biography:
Ronit’s career spans more than twenty years in marketing, communications, event production and project management. Ronit headed global marketing and branding projects in both public and private organizations and had her own event and marketing consultancy, which focused on initiatives relating to the wellbeing of people and the environment. In 2011 Ronit founded One Nature Films with a vision to create high quality social impact films. She is a self-taught filmmaker and gained experience as an independent producer, executive producer, researcher, screenwriter and director whilst working on the adaption of the book ‘Zulu Wilderness: Shadow and Soul’ by Dr Ian Player into a narrative feature film. The Sisters of the Wilderness documentary and social impact project is a natural progression from ‘Zulu Wilderness’ and carries similar themes and messages. It is also set in the same location in KwaZulu-Natal.
Karin Slater
Director & Cinematographer
Director's Statement:
Born in Empangeni, and spending my early years near Nyalazi River, a stone’s throw from iMfolozi Game Reserve, I have a deep love and connection to this area. Also being the first woman cinematographer in this part of the world and starting my career in wildlife documentaries I understand the trailblazing nature that the women wilderness guides in the film went through, to break into the male dominated world of wildlife conservation.
So when Ronit Shapiro approached me to work with her on her idea to make this film, it felt right to say yes. After a research shoot in December 2016, I felt there was a strong film here. It combines so many aspects of my career focus over the years, the nature element, indigenous people and this time set in the area I grew up in. I also really like the social impact strand that goes with the film. I know what wilderness has done for me over the years and it would be wonderful to share this with the five young women who go on into the wilderness and through them with the world, in the form of a film.
Biography:
Karin Slater’s deep interest in rural life and nature has led her to documenting the lives of interesting people and places across the globe. From working with the Dagomba people in Ghana to the Shipibo people in the Amazon. Amongst other things, she has also raised leopards, a lioness and tigers while working making wildlife documentaries. Her films have screened at Sundance, Berlinale, Hot Docs, Museum of Modern Art, New York and she has won numerous awards including the Trailblazer Award for innovative and creative work in the field of documentaries at Mipdoc, Cannes 2008 and at the New York Film and Television Awards in 2016.
Anja Bombelli
Editor
Biography:
Zurich based, Anja Bombelli, has a vast experience of film editing, spanning several decades. She edited more than 50 documentaries over the past thirty years. She is also an editing consultant and teacher.
Ian Arber
Composer
Biography:
Ian Arber is on the “ones to watch” list for 2019. He’s already begun working with Rupert and Harry Gregson-Williams on several projects for 2019, as well as shows on his own for later in the year.
In 2018, he completed the score for the theatrical release horror-thriller Redcon-1, series 2 of Netflix’s Medici-Masters of Florence: The Magnificent (broadcast early 2019), Sky’s Urban Myths: The Trial of Joan Collins, and Fulwell 73’s Hitsville: The Story of Motown and the surprise hit feature doc about the band, Bros, called After The Screaming Stops which he scored with fellow SMA Talent composer and member of Blur, David Rowntree.
Ian also scored the multi-award winning social impact documentary Sisters of the Wilderness which won Best South African Feature Documentary at Durban International Film Festival 2018 and qualified for an Oscar consideration. The score was recorded at Abbey Road Studios in London.
With over 30 films in the bag, Ian’s big break came in 2015 assisting composer Joe Kraemer on his score for Mission Impossible: Rogue Nation. Shortly after this, he scored the coming-of-age feature film Scott and Sid directed by Scott Elliot, which had a theatrical release across the UK. With a growing portfolio of work across a variety of genres, he is bringing a fresh and unique compositional style to each project.
Ken Whitney
Executive Producer
Biography:
Kenneth C. Whitney is the founding member of WSB Capital, a private investment office formed in 2013 to make investments ln startup companies and entertainment projects. On the entertainment side he has made three investments to date; Fun Home, which won the Tony Award for Best New Musical in 2015, Tommy's Honor, which won the BAFTA Scotland award for Best Feature Film in 2016, and American, a short film starring George Takel about the Japanese internment camps, which is currently being shown at film festivals around the country. Mr. Whltney was previously a Senior Managing Director and Head of Business Development at Blackstone from 1988 to 2013, where he was a member of the Executive Committee and Investment Committees for all of its private investment funds. Prior to joining Blackstone, he worked at Coopers & Lybrand, today Price Waterhouse Coopers, from 1980to 1988.
Mr. Whitney currently sits on the Board of Directors of PJT Partners, the Board of Trustees for the University of Delaware where he also chairs the Investment Committee for the University's endowment, and is a National Trustee of The First Tee and Chair of the Board of The First Tee of Metropolitan New York. At the University, he has established the Whitney Family Scholarship, the Whitney Family Chair in Accounting, and just recently made the lead gift for the building of the new athletic center. Mr. Whitney graduated from the University of Delaware with a BS in Accounting in 1980 and played on the golf team.
Liz Whitney
Executive Producer
Biography:
Elizabeth Reiko Kubota Whitney (Liz) is a former actress whose career focused initially on musical theatre and whose resume includes roles in many popular television shows of the 1980s, such as MacGyver and T.J. Hooker. Liz was also a cast member of the acclaimed 1982 Mark Taper Forum production of August 6th, 1945, about the bombing of Hiroshima. She was also the ingénue in the #1 music video of 1984, John Waite’s “Missing You”.
A 1980 theatre graduate of the former UCLA College of Fine Arts (now the UCLA School of Theater, Film and Television), Liz has long been a champion of UCLA TFT. In 2010 she, in honour of her late sister Jeanne, established the Jeanne Michiko Kubota Fund. The endowed fund provides full four-year scholarships for deserving undergraduate theatre students in need, covering tuition, room, board and other expenses. It is the first of its kind at UCLA TFT.
Liz moved from California to New York in 1987 to play the female lead opposite Jack Wagner in a new musical, “Butterfly”. She performed in several shows, including the revival of “Godspell” at The Lambs Theatre. She currently lives in Scarsdale, NY with her husband Ken. Liz and Ken have three daughters, a son-in-law, and two granddaughters ages three and one. She serves on the Executive Board of Trustees for UCLA’s School of Theater, Film and Television.
Antonia Bothner
Executive Producer
Biography:
Antonia is an Emerging Markets investor having worked for a UK pension fund for over a decade. She qualified as a Chartered Accountant from KPMG in 2004 in South Africa and moved to London with a job at Credit Suisse in 2005. Whilst working, she re-trained as a Transpersonal Psychotherapist, and con-currently worked as a volunteer for the NHS for the last 6 years whilst still in her job. She is currently taking time out to complete her psychiatric observational placement at Bethlem Royal Hospital and to complete her training as an Executive Coach with ILM.
She is deeply passionate about balance and lives under the philosophy of Ubuntu. She is a truth seeker, an intuitive type and lives from the heart. She is a follower of Vipassana meditation and Yoga, and when she is not reading, visiting art galleries, or travelling, can be found seeking out nature, and experiences both above and below the water. She has developed and held workshops on ‘intuition and how to make better decisions’ with one of her favourite quotes being ‘may your head be in service to your heart’ coupled with ‘where your heart is breaking, that’s where your service lies’, Anodea Judith.
One Nature Films
One Nature - Reviving Nature in Our Imagination Through Story-telling, Music and Art. TM ©
One Nature Films is a social impact film production company based in London, UK, founded by Ronit Shapiro in 2011. Our vision is to create engaging high quality films that inspire, connect and make a difference. We believe in the power of film to make social and environmental impact.
One Nature Films has a deep-rooted passion for the environment, the natural world and human society. Our name ‘One Nature’ reflects our belief in the oneness of humanity and the interconnectedness of all things. We strive to be ethical and socially responsible.
One Nature, beyond film-making, is a social enterprise focused on the wellness of people and the environment. Our aim is to bring about a positive social impact in any project we develop.
Credits
Director & Cinematographer: Karin Slater; Producer: Ronit Shapiro; Executive Producers: Ken and Liz Whitney, Antonia Bothner, Ronit Shapiro; Editor: Anja Bombelli; Composer: Ian Arber; Strings recorded at Abbey Road Studios, London; Orchestration: Andy Kyte; Live Percussion: Richard Olatunde Baker; Score produced and mixed: Ian Arber; Assistant Editors: Clea Mallinson, Emma Watkin; Sound: Karin Slater; Sound Design and Mix: Stef Albertyn; Colour grading & online edit: Richard Starkey; Story Consultant: Susan Brand; Graphic Design: Batsirai Madzonga, Jose Carlos Conde Acuaviva; Logo Animation: Jose Carlos Conde Acuaviva; Stills Photography: Kim Mcleod, Ronit Shapiro; Subtitles & Translations: Nwabisa Bota; Additional Translations: Lihle Mbokazi, Sinoxolo Bulana; Transcriptions: Top Transcriptions; Production Company: One Nature Films; Post-Production Supervision: In de Light; Editing Suite, Zurich: LaBelle Film; Equipment: Digital Film Service, In de Light, Sean Wisedale; Featuring: Amanda Ntombela, Andile Nxumalo, Bongimpilo Zondi, Janet Frangs, Lihle Mbokazi, Nokuphila Cele, Thembani Mdunge, Wendy Mkhwanasa; Wilderness Trail Provider: Wilderness Leadership School; Wilderness and Nature Guiding and Mentoring: Janet Frangs, Bongimpilo Zondi, Lihle Mbokazi, Isabel Wolf-Gillespie; Guiding and Transportation Services: Scelo Mbatha, uMkhiwane Ecotours; Catering: Mumsy Ngwazi; Legal Advice: Bernadette Thomas, ArtsScape, Jerome Shapiro, WGS Solicitors; Accountants: HW Fisher & Company; Insurance: IMS; Accommodation: Thisltedown Country House, Azalea Bed & Breakfast, Ian and Tish McDonald, Hilltop Camp, Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Game Reserve Hill Tops, Wilderness Leadership School, Nhlosane Farm; In Kind Supporters: Pavilion Hotel, Durban, Cape Union Mart, K-Way, Mantis Collection, Thula Thula Private Game Reserve, The Bateleurs, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, In the Company of Horses, Zuza Trade, Princess Diamonds, Planet Afryca, Fezufunda, Royal Gypsy, Africa Ignite, Ouse Bridge Guest House, Andries Botha, The Headroom Studio, Durban, Afromontane, South African Airlines: Supporters: Ashok Sewnarain, Martin Moshal, Janet Nancarrow, Mark Walker, James Thornton, Jodi Isaacs, Thomas Christen, Donika Dobruna, Stephane Schlup, Clive Patterson, Richard Waite, Patty Bühler, Ursula Castellotti, Gledis Doyle, Chris Blessington, Vinni Bhandari, Sydney Levinson, Gil Shapiro, Tim Wells, Jonathan Ossoff, Hovav Gilan, GianMarco Mestichella, Zehavit Carmel, Bryony Heard, Rani Keren, Lara Rorich, Ben Goldsmith, Peter and Victoria Crellen, Noreen and Hemant Puri, Isabelle Tompkins, Martha Sumrall, Joana Picq, Hazel Carey, Cristinel Hogas, Claudia B., Lynda Chase, Aline Vandecasteele, Boaz Ilan, Roxie LaFever, Alice Procope, Susanne Hermann, Ofir Drori, Rebecca Foster, Sharon Bester, Sharon Adam, Alessandra Morris, Ilan and Michelle Rakovitzky, Bella Diamant ,Ella Sasover, Ilana Margalit, Svetlana Klimenco, Sharon Fima, Racheli Ben Galim, Ruhi Yaniv, Miri Mautner, Michal Feldhammer, Tirza Dvir, Haya Yanai, Yaffa Eshed, Aliza Berkowitz, Dina and Yonathan Rakovitzky, Amrit Singh, Lara and Bradley Duke, Gili Greenbaum, Beverly Mautner, James Gorman, Jo Roberts, Jonathan Crown, Jonathan Gerber, Natalie Hakobyan, Aleksander Cellmer. Special thanks to: Ann Player, Sheila Berry, Isabel Wolf-Gillespie, Pippa Hankinson, Peter Eastwood, Jessica and Adam Sweidan, Ashok and Sharoona Sewnarain, Lucia van der Post, Ben Goldsmith, Louise Aspinall, Marianne Fassler, Andy Ruhan, Dillon Kastner, Colleen Zulich, Tia McCarthy, Lori Robinson, Pumela Salela, Sisanda Lisa, Sandile Masondo, Rebecca Wakeford, Cherryl Curry and the WLS team, Nikki Brighton, Susan Machpesh, Lloyd Gillespie, Mrs. Dladla, Sabelo Dladla, Medical Ndziba, Nonhlanhla Buthelezi, Kirsten Youens, Suzie Harcourt, Rowena Paxton, Paul Gardiner, Claire Shepherd, Zelda Hudson, Michal Monka, Trevor Barrett, Eugene Skeef, Fiona, Charlie and Eryn Greger, Devin Zivkovic, Hayley Chater, Pragna and Noel Kok, Sharon Illet, Rob Symons, Lungile Dlamini, Marius Botha, Bruce Doc Watson, Ingrid Falck, Liz Hosken, Francoise Malby, Tim Hopkin, Tracey Elnar, Nadia Zibandehnezam, Debbie Marshal, Siyabonga Mavimbela, Dan Chiorboli, Teddy Mattera, Olivia Taylor, Sharlene Versfeld, Shivani Gosai, Londeka Lamula, Asanda Ntombela , Nonkululeko Mncube, Menzi Maseko, Tish McDonald, Sandra Bold, Lindiwe Mthembu-Salter, Rene Usdin, Alice Schmid, Francesca Mason Boring, Christiaan Du Buson, Alessia Andretta, Jon Danks, Constellation Community Cape Town, Visual Impact, Midlands Community College, IBV International, Mpophomeni Conservation Group, Mpophomeni Youth Dance Group, PINK, Brand South Africa, South African High Commission, UK, South African Airlines, South African Tourism, KwaZulu-Natal Film Commission, Durban Film Office, Umgeni Valley Nature Reserve, uMngeni Municipality, Mama Dance Music Solutions, Carolynne and Olav Wyper, SMA Talent, The Refinery. The Producer wishes to thank: Jerome, Daniel and Abigail Shapiro, Sarah and Yaacov Shapiro, Bluma and Hanoch Rakovitzky.
Collaborators
